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Electronically-indexed solid-phase assay for biomolecules
U.S. Patent Number 6,686,158Abstract: Disclosed are materials and methods for detecting biomolecules in samples employing transponders associated with the bead(s) used as the solid phase in the assay, and information pertinent to the assay is encoded on the transponders memory elements. A dedicated read/write device is used remotely to encode or remotely to read the information. The invention can be used in direct or competitive ELISA-type assays, or in multiplex assays for the simultaneous assay of several analytes.
Screening of drugs from chemical combinatorial libraries employing transponders
U.S. Patent Number: 6,387,623Materials and methods are disclosed for identifying chemical compounds having desired binding properties towards a binding partner of pharmaceutical interest. The method employs transponders associated with the solid phase material used in the assay and a scanner to encode and decode data stored electronically on the transponder. The data stored on the transponder identifies the monomeric building blocks added during the synthesis. The structural identification of synthesized compounds bound to the solid phase is done by decoding the transponder.
Electronically-indexed solid-phase assay for biomolecules
U.S. Patent Number: 6,376,187Abstract: Disclosed are materials and methods for detecting biomolecules in samples employing transponders associated with the bead(s) used as the solid phase in the assay, and information pertinent to the assay is encoded on the transponders memory elements. A dedicated read/write device is used remotely to encode or remotely to read the information. The invention can be used in direct or competitive ELISA-type assays, or in multiplex assays for the simultaneous assay of several analytes.
Multiplex assay for nucleic acids employing transponders
U.S. Patent Number: 6,361,950Abstract: Disclosed are materials and methods for performing multiplex assays for nucleic acids, in which a transponder is associated with the bead(s) forming the solid phase used in the assay, nucleic acid probes are bound to the surface of the particles, and data concerning the assay is encoded on the transponder. A dedicated read/write device is used to remotely encode or read the data.
Multiplex assay for nucleic acids employing transponders
U.S. Patent Number: 6,051,377Abstract: Disclosed are materials and methods for performing multiplex assays for nucleic acids, in which a transponder is associated with the bead(s) forming the solid phase used in the assay, nucleic acid probes are bound to the surface of the particles, and data concerning the assay is encoded on the transponder. A dedicated read/write device is used to remotely encode or read the data.
Method of determining the sequence of nucleic acids employing solid-phase particles carrying transponders
U.S. Patent Number: 6,046,003Abstract: A method is described for determining the sequence of nucleic acids. The method employs small solid phase particles having transponders, with a primary layer of an oligonucleotide of known sequence attached to the outer surface of the particle. A read/write scanner device is used to encode and decode data on the transponder. The stored data includes the sequence of the oligonucleotide immobilized on the transponder. The sequence of sample nucleic acids is determined by detecting annealing to an oligonucleotide bound to a particle, followed by decoding the transponder to determine the sequence of the oligonucleotide.
Multiplex assay for nucleic acids employing transponders
U.S. Patent Number: 6,001,571Abstract: Disclosed are materials and methods for performing multiplex assays for nucleic acids, in which a transponder is associated with the bead(s) forming the solid phase used in the assay, nucleic acid probes are bound to the surface of the particles, and data concerning the assay is encoded on the transponder. A dedicated read/write device is used to remotely encode or read the data.
Screening of soluble chemical compounds for their pharmacological properties utilizing transponders
U.S. Patent Number: 5,981,166Abstract: The invention provides a method to rapidly screen chemical compounds by delivering the compounds to the assay as a coating on transponders, rather than as powder or solution. The transponder's function is to store data that identify the compound. The data can be decoded in any moment of the assay, and the identity of the desired compound established.
Method of determining the sequence of nucleic acids employing solid phase particles carrying transponders
U.S. Patent Number: 5,736,332Abstract: A method is described for determining the sequence of nucleic acids. The method employs small solid phase particles having transponders with a primary layer of an oligonucleotide of known sequence attached to the outer surface of the particle. A read/write scanner device is used to encode and decode data on the transponder. The stored data includes the sequence of the oligonucleotide immobilized on the transponder. The sequence of sample nucleic acids is determined by detecting annealing to an oligonucleotide bound to a particle, followed by decoding the transponder to determine the sequence of the oligonucleotide.
Particle for solid phase assay including transponder and specific binding component - particularly for nucleic acid hybridization, allowing multiple assays to be done simultaneously
International Patent Number WO 9720074Abstract: A novel particle for use in solid phase assays of biomolecules (I) comprises: (a) transponder associated with a solid particle; and (b) one member of a binding pair (BP) attached to the particle surface. Also new are assay kits containing these particles.
USE - The particles are used to detect members of BP, specifically a target nucleic acid but also proteins, antibodies (particularly viral) or cells (claimed).
ADVANTAGE - The particles allow assays of several analytes to be performed simultaneously, and information stored in the transponder can be retrieved at any time during the process. Information encoded in the transponder means that the particles can be removed from vessels, mixed with other particles, processed etc. without losing track of them.
Sequence determination of nucleic acid - using transponder with oligonucleotide probes attached
International Patent Number WO 9720073Abstract: A novel method for determining the sequence of a target nucleic acid (I) comprises: (a) treating the test sample with solid particles having (i) an oligonucleotide probe attached to the surface and (ii) transponder which includes memory elements in which an index number indicating the sequence of the probe is encoded; (b) denaturing the nucleic acid in the sample; (c) hybridizing this to the probe; (d) analysing particles to detect a label indicative of binding to the probe; and (e) decoding data in the transponders with a dedicated read/write scanner to identify the sequence of probes that have bound to (I). Also new are kits for this process comprising an assay vessel containing the particles and a label reagent.
USE - The method is used to sequence RNA, DNA or their modifications such as protein-nucleic acids.
ADVANTAGE - Compared with conventional sequencing methods this process is much faster since readings are taken from digitally stored data, not from physical/chemical properties of DNA or from positions of DNA in an array.
Solid phase chemical synthesis on particles including a transponder - can be encoded to identify the compound synthesised on it, particularly for peptide libraries used to screen for pharmaceutical activity
International Patent Number WO 9719958Abstract: A novel method of solid phase chemical synthesis uses solid particles that include transponders having memories in which an index number, indicating the structure of the synthesised compound, is encoded.
USE - The method is especially used for solid phase synthesis of combinatorial peptide libraries which are used to screen for the ability of a particle to bind to a labelled target molecule, i.e. for identification of potential pharmaceuticals.
ADVANTAGE - Each particle can be given a unique code and this retrieved from memory at any time during or after synthesis or during assays.